作者e.g.表示举例
作者c.f.表示对比
一、句子成分：根据英语词汇在句子中的地位和作用，英语句子成分可分为：主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语，此外还有同位语、插入语和呼语（呼格）
e.g.①The village is very beautiful.
the village：主语
is：系动词
very beautiful：表语
②To translate the idea into reality needs hard work.
to translate the idea into reality：动词不定式短语作主语
needs：谓语
hard work：宾语（其中hard作定语修饰work）
③He practice running every morning.
he：主语
practice：谓语
running：宾语
every morning：状语
④My brother has caught a bad cold.
my brother：主语
has caught：谓语
a bad cold：宾语（其中bad作定语修饰cold）
⑤Light travels fast.
light：主语
travels：谓语
fast：宾语
⑥At last the boy got home.
at last：状语
the boy：主语
got：谓语
home：宾语
⑦I saw the boy crossing the street just now.
l：主语
saw：谓语
the boy：宾语
crossing the street：v-ing短语作宾语补足语
just now：状语
作者宾语补足语通常用来补足宾语的状态、动作、特征及性质
→The boy was seen crossing the street.
the boy：主语
was seen：谓语
crossing the street：主语补足语
c.f.There is a boy standing in front of the house.
standing in front of the house：后置定语修饰a boy
⑧Do you know Jack very well？
you：主语
do... know：谓语
Jack：宾语
very well：状语
⑨l don't think he is right.
I：主语
don't think：谓语
he：宾语
is right：宾从
⑩How many trees have you planted recently？
you：主语
have planted：谓语
how many trees：宾语
recently：状语
⑩①The truth is that he has been to USA.
the truth：主语
is：系动词
that he has been to USA：表语从句
⑩②Is there anything I can do for you,Jack？
l can do for you：表语从句作定语修饰anything
Jack：呼语
作者注：“There be”句型表示存在，译为“有”
⑩③This book,l think,is of great value.
this book：主语
I think：插入语
is：系动词
of great value：表语
⑩④Our class teacher,Miss Chen, is very nice.
our class teacher：主语
Miss Chen：同位语
is：系动词
very nice：表语
→I link Miss Chen,our clss teacher.
I：主语
like：谓语
Miss Chen ：宾语
our class teacher：同位语
⑩⑤My mother brought me a new bike.
my mother：主语
brought：谓语
me a new bike：双宾语（其中anewbike为直接宾语，me为间接宾语）
⑩⑥Our teacher asked us to write an article.
our teacher：主语
asked：谓语
us：宾语
to write an article：动词不定式作宾语补足语
⑩⑦We will make our country more and more beautiful.
we：主语
will make：谓语
our country：宾语
more and more beautiful：宾语补足语
⑩⑧The weather has turned cool.
the weather：主语
has turned：系动词
cool：表语
作者注：本句中turn为系动词，此外常见的系动词还有：seem（似乎）、sound、taste、smell、look、remain（仍然是，保持）
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