第523篇红婵学霸笔记本单元重点巩固现在分词

本单元重点巩固现在分词doing、过去分词done作定语、状语，是高中英语语法填空、改错、阅读高频考点，结合志愿话题场景整理：

1.现在分词doing作后置定语：表主动、进行，修饰前面的名词。

students pursuing academic goals追逐学业目标的学生（主动）

people living in the countryside生活在乡村的人们（主动）

2.过去分词done作后置定语：表被动、完成。

the needy people helped by volunteers被志愿者帮助的困难群众

public activities organized by the school学校组织的公益活动

3.现在分词作状语：表主动，可表时间、伴随、原因，常和when/while/if连用省略主语和be动词。

While helping the elderly, we learn to be more patient.在帮助老人的同时，我们学会更加耐心。

Seeing the smiles of children, we feel a strong sense of achievement.看到孩子们的笑容，我们感受到强烈的成就感。

4.不定式to do作后置定语：表将来、目的。

a chance to take part in volunteer work参与志愿服务的机会

ways to help others帮助他人的方法

高频易错红笔记录：

①doing表主动，done表被动，不可混用；

②非谓语作状语时，逻辑主语要和主句主语保持一致；

③介词后面接doing，不可接原形或to do。

时空智者的思绪缓缓散开：奉献的行动如同非谓语的表达，主动付出方能收获成长，被动应付只会流于表面。真心待人，才能在志愿之中收获真正的蜕变。

语法要点梳理完毕，红婵儿进入书面表达专项训练。本单元写作任务倡议书：Take part in volunteer work, grow with kindness参与志愿服务，与善意共成长。剖析青少年对待志愿活动的两种错误心态：视志愿为负担逃避参与、抱着功利心态敷衍完成。阐述乡村地区志愿帮扶的可行方向：关爱空巢老人、陪伴留守儿童、课业辅导、乡村环境维护，点明志愿服务既能温暖他人，也能实现自我成长，青年学子应心怀责任，真诚参与公益，在奉献中完善人格，为逐梦北大积蓄精神力量。

搭建完整行文框架。

开篇：志愿服务是社会温暖的纽带，在乡村地区有着广阔的实践空间，然而不少青少年对志愿活动存在认知偏差，陷入两种极端心态。

主体第一段：批判两类错误态度。一部分同学认为志愿活动挤占学习时间，无实际物质回报，刻意逃避集体公益活动，变得冷漠自私；另一部分同学为评优加分参与志愿，做事敷衍，无法共情帮扶对象，失去公益本身的意义。

主体第二段：结合乡村实际，说明我们可参与的志愿内容。看望空巢老人、帮忙家务；为留守儿童补习功课、分享学习方法；参与乡村环境整治、公益宣传。这些小事耗时不多，却能切实帮助他人。

主体第三段：阐释志愿的深层价值。助人的同时收获精神满足，培养耐心、同理心与责任感，跳出单一的学习视角，理解社会百态。备考北大的路上，不仅要锤炼学识，更要塑造健全的人格。

结尾：发出倡议，摒弃功利与逃避的心态，以真诚之心参与志愿，用点滴善意温暖乡土，在奉献中稳步奔赴理想。

收纳高频写作句式记入笔记。

开篇引入

Volunteer work is an important part of public welfare, which plays a key role in warming rural society.志愿服务是公益事业的重要组成部分，在温暖乡村社会中发挥关键作用。

Nowadays many teenagers fail to hold a correct attitude towards voluntary services.如今不少青少年无法以正确的心态看待志愿服务。

意义阐述句型

The value of volunteer work lies in spiritual growth rather than material rewards.志愿服务的价值在于精神成长，而非物质回报。

Taking part in voluntary activities helps us cultivate a strong sense of social responsibility.参与志愿活动有助于我们培养强烈的社会责任感。

倡议表达句型

We can carry out small volunteer activities in our village to care for the elderly and left‑behind children.我们可以在村里开展小型志愿活动，关爱老人与留守儿童。

We should take part in volunteer work sincerely instead of finishing it perfunctorily.我们应当真诚参与志愿服务，而非敷衍了事。

收尾升华

While striving for our dream of entering Peking University, we should keep kindness in our heart and grow into responsible young people.在为考入北大的梦想拼搏的同时，我们应当心怀善意，成长为有担当的青年。

完整范文红婵儿逐行抄写，同步标注亮点短语与句式。

Take part in volunteer work, grow with kindness

Dear fellow students,

Volunteer work is unpaid public welfare activity that brings warmth to society. In our rural hometowns, there are many empty‑nest elderly and left‑behind children in need of care. Volunteer services can bridge the gap between people and improve the living environment of villages. However, a large number of teenagers hold wrong opinions about voluntary work.

Some of us regard volunteer activities as a waste of study time. We believe our only task is to get high scores in exams, so we make excuses to avoid taking part in public‑benefit activities. We think helping others has nothing to do with our personal development. Gradually, we become indifferent to the difficulties of people around us and lose the awareness of caring for others. Others join volunteer work just for extra points in school assessment. They finish their tasks perfunctorily and do not care about the real needs of the people they help. They treat voluntary services as a tool to gain fame rather than a way to pass on love. Neither escaping nor being utilitarian is a proper attitude.

As rural students, we have convenient conditions to take part in volunteer work. We can visit empty‑nest elderly regularly, help them clean houses and buy daily goods. We can offer free after‑school tutoring to left‑behind children who are weak in study, share our learning experience and encourage them to keep working hard. We can also take part in village environmental protection activities, pick up rubbish and publicize green ideas to villagers. These small acts do not take up too much study time, but they can bring great comfort to people in need.

When we devote ourselves to helping others, we gain precious spiritual satisfaction. We learn to be patient, responsible and empathetic. We understand the hardships of life and cherish our present life. Volunteer work also lets us step out of our narrow study world and realize our social responsibility. Exam scores help us enter our dream universities, but good personality and kindness help us walk further in life.

Let us take part in volunteer work with sincere hearts. We should put ourselves in others’ shoes and truly care for the people we serve. Small kindness can light up the world. While chasing our dream of Peking University, let us grow into warm and responsible teenagers.

亮点批注：public welfare公益；after‑school tutoring课业辅导；devote oneself to致力于；narrow study world狭隘的学习天地；put oneself in others’ shoes换位思考。

誊写完范文之后红婵儿自主改写一篇短文，变换措辞锻炼灵活表达的能力。

Take part in volunteer work, grow with kindness

In rural areas, volunteer work is closely connected with our daily life. Caring for the elderly, accompanying left‑behind kids and improving village environment are all practical voluntary activities. Yet many teenagers misunderstand the meaning of volunteer work.

A part of students avoid voluntary activities completely. They worry that volunteer work will influence their study performance. They ignore the difficulties of the people around them and become self‑centered. Some other students take part in public welfare activities only for honors and evaluation points. They do not put their hearts into the work and finish everything carelessly. Both two attitudes are not suitable for our growth.

We rural teenagers can do simple volunteer jobs in our neighborhood. We can accompany the lonely elderly, help poor students with their lessons and take part in environmental volunteer services. These small actions can make a big difference to people in need.

Helping others brings us inner peace and a strong sense of achievement. We learn to understand life and take our social duties seriously. Academic progress is important for our college dream, but kindness and responsibility are the foundation of our lifelong development.

Let us treat volunteer work with sincerity. Pass on small warmth in our countryside, and grow into better ourselves on the way to our ideal university.

对照两篇文稿，红婵儿记下心得。志愿主题议论文要抓住逃避志愿、功利参与两大误区；熟练运用非谓语动词作定语和状语，提升句式丰富度；掌握not only…but also…、as well as等连接词；写作多用empathy、social responsibility、perfunctorily等高分词汇，升华青年担当的立意。

笔记推进至错题复盘板块，把随堂练习之中出错的题目完整记录下来，标注出错缘由。

错题一语法填空：______(help) the elderly is a meaningful volunteer activity.

动名词作主语，填Helping。红婵儿误填Help。批注句子已有谓语is，动词作主语要用doing形式。

错题二单项选择：The students ______(organize) by the school will take part in the village volunteer work.

过去分词表被动，填organized。红婵儿误填organizing。批注学生是被学校组织，用done表被动。

错题三语法填空：While ______(stay) in the village, we can do many small voluntary jobs.

while状语从句省略，逻辑主语we主动，填staying。红婵儿误填stay。

错题四改错：We should take part in volunteer work and we can learn responsibility.

可优化为not only take part in…but also learn responsibility，原句连词冗余，调整句式更高级。

整理完错题，红婵儿放下笔望向窗外。清晨的阳光穿透薄雾，洒在乡间的田垄之上，村庄安静祥和。写完这一单元笔记，红婵儿心中豁然开朗。求学路上不止有试卷上的分数，更有品格的修行。逃避公益会变得冷漠，功利做事会丢失本心，唯有怀揣真诚去帮助他人，才能在奉献中收获成长。她暗下决心，今后积极参与村里的志愿活动，在学好英语、夯实学业的同时，做一个温暖有担当的人，一步步靠近北大的梦想。厚厚的英语学霸笔记一页页不断积累，英语不仅教会她应试的技巧，更让她读懂青年的责任与善意。

时空智者的意念慢慢消散在清晨的柔光之中，思绪落在纸页之上：真正的优秀，从来不是独善其身，而是在奔赴理想的同时，不忘温暖周遭的世界。

红婵儿拿起笔，在笔记末尾写下独属于自己的感悟。

本单元掌握志愿服务主题核心词汇，重点巩固非谓语动词doing/done作定语、状语的用法；牢记动名词作主语、状语从句省略结构；区分主动doing与被动done的使用场景。青少年对待志愿活动存在两大误区：视志愿为负担刻意逃避、抱着功利心态敷衍参与。乡村学子可从关爱空巢老人、陪伴留守儿童、课业帮扶、乡村环保等小事践行志愿。志愿服务重在精神成长与善意传递，备考北大的同时，要涵养同理心与社会责任感，以真诚之心践行公益，在奉献中完善自我。