全红婵儿的北大之路英语学霸笔记第523篇

全红婵儿的北大之路英语学霸笔记第523篇

单元主题：Volunteer work志愿服务（人教版高中必修单元）

名言：We rise by lifting others.助人者，天助之。——罗伯特·英格索尔

乡村中学的清晨，薄雾还未散尽，湿润的草木气息漫进敞开的教室门窗。老旧的木课桌一尘不染，红婵儿的笔记本层层叠叠码在桌角，字迹工整细密，红蓝批注错落排布，是她日复一日深耕英语的见证。此刻她翻开人教版英语课本，目光落在单元标题Volunteer work之上。生于乡土，她见过村里孤寡老人无人照料、留守儿童缺少陪伴，也见过学校组织的志愿帮扶活动。身边的同学对待志愿服务有着两种截然不同的认知。一部分同学觉得志愿服务是额外负担，占用学习时间，做志愿没有实际回报，纯属浪费精力，总是找借口逃避集体志愿活动；另一部分同学虽愿意参与志愿，却抱着功利心态，只是为了获得评优加分、积攒履历，内心缺乏共情与担当，做完便抛之脑后，无法真正理解奉献的意义。林间微风轻轻拂动书页，那位跨越时空的智者静静伫立在光影之中，温润的哲理缓缓浸润进红婵儿的心底。

志愿服务从来不是功利的交换，也不是可有可无的附加任务。奉献的价值不在于物质回报，而在于内心的成长、善意的传递。一味逃避志愿活动，会慢慢丢失共情他人的能力；带着功利心做公益，也无法体会助人的温暖与力量。学习本单元英语，掌握志愿主题词汇、句式，读懂公益类阅读理解与完形填空，不仅是为应试积累分数，更要树立责任与担当意识，明白青年学子本该心怀善意，用微小的行动温暖他人，在奉献中沉淀品格，为奔赴北大的理想筑牢精神底色。

红婵儿轻轻抚平课本褶皱，将人教版英语教材完整摊开，单元核心课文缓缓铺展在眼前。

Volunteer work refers to unpaid public welfare activities that people take part in willingly to help those in need and improve social public interests. In rural areas, volunteer services mainly include caring for the elderly left behind, accompanying left‑behind children, cleaning village public environments, helping poor students with their studies and taking part in public‑benefit publicity. Volunteer work plays an important role in warming society and bridging gaps between people. However, most teenagers hold two wrong attitudes towards voluntary services.

Some teenagers regard volunteer work as a waste of study time. They believe that their main task is to study for exams, and all energy should be put into textbook knowledge. They think voluntary activities can bring no practical rewards such as scores or honors. They make all kinds of excuses to avoid taking part in volunteer activities organized by schools and villages. They hold the view that helping others has nothing to do with their own growth. As a result, they gradually lose the awareness of caring for people around them and become indifferent to the difficulties of the elderly and children in the countryside.

On the contrary, some other students take part in volunteer work with utilitarian purposes. They only join voluntary activities to gain extra points for school evaluation, enrich their student resumes and leave a good impression on teachers. They do not really care about the people they help. They finish their tasks perfunctorily and never pay attention to the real needs of the needy. Once the activity is over, they completely forget the experience of helping others. Neither escaping volunteer work blindly nor participating in it for fame and profit is the right attitude for teenagers.

Volunteer work is a process of self‑improvement as well as a way to pass on kindness. For us rural students, we have more chances to carry out volunteer services around us. We can visit empty‑nest elderly in our village regularly, chat with them, help them do housework such as cleaning rooms and buying daily necessities. We can make up lessons for left‑behind children who fall behind in their studies, share our learning methods and encourage them to keep working hard. We can take part in village environmental volunteer activities, pick up rubbish along country roads, publicize the importance of environmental protection to villagers. These small voluntary actions do not take too much time, but they can bring great warmth to people in need.

When we help others, we also gain spiritual satisfaction. We learn to be patient, responsible and empathetic. We understand the hardships of life and cherish the happy life we own. Volunteer work also helps us step out of our small study circle and connect with society. We realize that we are not only students pursuing academic goals, but also members of society with social responsibilities. The sense of achievement brought by helping others cannot be replaced by exam scores.

Teenagers are the future of society. Taking part in proper volunteer work can shape our sound personality and cultivate our sense of social responsibility. We should take part in voluntary activities with a sincere heart, put ourselves in others’ shoes, and truly care about the people we serve. We do not need to do great heroic deeds. Ordinary small acts of kindness are enough to light up the lives of others. While pursuing our dream of entering Peking University, we should also keep a kind heart and pass on love and warmth to the people around us.

红婵儿握着黑色水笔，逐词圈画单元核心词汇，在笔记空白处标注释义、词性变化与固定搭配。

第一组核心词汇：utilitarian adj.功利的，实用的

名词utility n.效用；搭配：utilitarian purposes功利目的；utilitarian mindset功利心态

课文原句摘抄：Some other students take part in volunteer work with utilitarian purposes. They only join voluntary activities to gain extra points for school evaluation.

仿写句子记录在笔记侧边：We should take part in public welfare activities with a sincere heart instead of utilitarian thoughts.我们应当怀揣真心参与公益活动，而非抱着功利的想法。

红婵儿写下真切感悟：之前自己也曾觉得志愿活动耽误刷题时间，读完课文才明白，分数之外，品格的成长同样是求学路上重要的一课。

时空智者的意念缓缓传来：分数决定你能抵达的学府，而善意与担当，决定你能成为怎样的人。功利的索取只会困住眼界，无私的付出反而会拓宽格局。

第二个单词：perfunctorily adv.敷衍地，马虎地

形容词perfunctory adj.敷衍的；搭配：finish tasks perfunctorily敷衍完成任务

课文句子：They finish their tasks perfunctorily and never pay attention to the real needs of the needy.

拓展例句：We should treat volunteer work seriously instead of doing it perfunctorily.我们应当认真对待志愿服务，而非敷衍了事。

红婵儿批注：公益类写作、完形填空高频副词，书面表达加分词汇。

第三个重点词汇：empathy n.共情，同理心

动词empathize v.共情；搭配：have empathy for others体谅他人；cultivate empathy培养同理心

课文原句：When we help others, we also gain spiritual satisfaction. We learn to be patient, responsible and empathetic.

例句：A person with empathy can better understand the difficulties of people around him.拥有同理心的人，能更好地理解身边人的难处。

红婵儿红笔标注：社会责任、青年成长类话题核心词汇，高考议论文高频用词。

第四个词汇：empty‑nest adj.空巢的

搭配：empty‑nest elderly空巢老人；left‑behind children留守儿童

课文短语：We can visit empty‑nest elderly in our village regularly, chat with them, help them do housework.

示范例句：In rural areas, the number of empty‑nest elderly and left‑behind children is relatively large.在农村地区，空巢老人和留守儿童的数量相对较多。

第五个单词：publicity n.宣传，宣扬

动词publicize v.宣传；搭配：public‑benefit publicity公益宣传；environmental publicity环保宣传

笔记标注：阅读理解、语法填空高频名词，公益活动类话题常用。

生词梳理完毕，红婵儿依次整理课文高频短语，工整罗列在笔记页面。

take part in参与；

left behind留守的；

public interests公共利益；

make up lessons补课；

step out of走出；

put oneself in others’ shoes换位思考；

gain extra points获得加分；

spiritual satisfaction精神满足；

social responsibility社会责任；

voluntary activity志愿活动。

短语整理完成，红婵儿开始拆解课文长难句，划分句式结构，标注高频考点。

长难句一：They believe that their main task is to study for exams, and all energy should be put into textbook knowledge.

that引导宾语从句；不定式to study作表语；被动语态should be put into。

完整译文：他们认为自己的主要任务是备考，所有精力都应当投入到课本知识当中。

考点提示：宾语从句引导词that可省略；被动语态在写作中提升句式正式度。

仿写句子：Many students think that volunteer work has nothing to do with their study.很多学生认为志愿服务和自己的学习毫无关系。

时空智者轻声提点：学习从来不是闭门造车，懂得关照他人，才能拥有更开阔的人生格局。

长难句二：Volunteer work is a process of self‑improvement as well as a way to pass on kindness.

as well as 也，和；不定式to pass on kindness作后置定语修饰way。

译文：志愿服务既是自我提升的过程，也是传递善意的方式。

长难句三：We realize that we are not only students pursuing academic goals, but also members of society with social responsibilities.

that引导宾语从句；not only…but also…不仅……而且……；现在分词pursuing作后置定语。

译文：我们意识到，我们不只是追逐学业目标的学生，更是肩负社会责任的社会一份子。

长难句四：While pursuing our dream of entering Peking University, we should also keep a kind heart and pass on love and warmth to the people around us.

while引导时间状语从句的省略结构，完整形式是While we are pursuing…；现在分词作状语。

译文：在追逐考入北大的梦想的同时，我们也应当保有一颗善心，向身边的人传递爱与温暖。

整篇课文长难句解析完毕，红婵儿梳理本单元核心语法：非谓语动词作后置定语&状语专项巩固。

本单元重点巩固现在分词doing、过去分词done作定语、状语，是高中英语语法填空、改错、阅读高频考点，结合志愿话题场景整理：

1.现在分词doing作后置定语：表主动、进行，修饰前面的名词。

students pursuing academic goals追逐学业目标的学生（主动）

people living in the countryside生活在乡村的人们（主动）

2.过去分词done作后置定语：表被动、完成。

the needy people helped by volunteers被志愿者帮助的困难群众

public activities organized by the school学校组织的公益活动

3.现在分词作状语：表主动，可表时间、伴随、原因，常和when/while/if连用省略主语和be动词。

While helping the elderly, we learn to be more patient.在帮助老人的同时，我们学会更加耐心。

Seeing the smiles of children, we feel a strong sense of achievement.看到孩子们的笑容，我们感受到强烈的成就感。

4.不定式to do作后置定语：表将来、目的。

a chance to take part in volunteer work参与志愿服务的机会

ways to help others帮助他人的方法