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As we know ，everyone has their different goals . For example ,many people do not reach their goals ,because they lack of planning . These three sets of goals should be developed: lifetime, intermediate and short term . Lifetime goals should be written out . These goals should be clear and reasonable . For instance, the goal to win a research prize is clear and measurable . Other lifetime goals might include publishing a certain number of influential books or articles, earning a departmental chairmanship at a major university, successfully competing for a grant from the National Science Foundation or securing a consultantship with a big corporation .

Intermediate goals relate to outcomes during the next few years . For the beginning doctoral student, intermediate goals may include completion of course work and preparation of a doctoral research proposal . Like lifetime goals, these are measurable and clearly stated .

Short-term goals involve outcomes expected during the next 12 months . These goals are more performance oriented, and they help with achievement of intermediate goals . Examples of short-term goals are earning an A in a course, learning how to program a computer or performing an experiment .