第7061篇红婵清华北大学霸笔记分类整理典型示范

分类整理典型示范

1. 动词搭配决定介词

The flood from which many people suffered was terrible.

还原：many people suffered from the flood → suffer from固定短语。

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2. 先行词固定搭配决定介词

This is the house in which they lived during the disaster.

还原they lived in the house，in和先行词house搭配。

易错警示逐条写在笔记侧边

①介词之后只能用which/whom，禁止that。

②不能按照中文意思随意挑选介词，一定要还原从句看原本短语。

③“介词+关系代词”结构大多用于书面阅读、写作，口语当中很少使用。

④部分固定搭配的短语动词，介词不能提前，例如look for，take care of，不能拆分。

爱默生的思绪缓缓飘散开来。

介词与关系代词重新组合，把两件事物紧紧联系在一起。就如同世间万物环环相扣，砍伐树木，水土流失，洪水泛滥，一环牵动一环。语法是文字的逻辑，也是世间万物运转的逻辑，看见事物之间的关联，才能够完整看清一件事。

语法要点梳理完毕，红婵儿转入书面表达专项训练。本单元写作任务：短文How to face natural disasters如何面对自然灾害，说明文，介绍灾害危害，科学预警，自救方法以及人与自然相处的看法。

搭建完整行文框架。

开篇：自然灾害会给人类带来巨大伤害，我们无法阻止所有灾害，但可以采取行动降低损失。

主体第一段：现代科技可以建立预警系统，帮助人们提前避险。

主体第二段：掌握自救知识，备好应急物资，灾难发生时正确保护自己。

主体第三段：人类活动会加剧灾害，保护环境，尊重自然十分重要。

结尾：灾难面前人类团结互助，我们应当与自然和谐共处。

收纳高频写作句式记入笔记。

开篇引入

Natural disasters can bring great damage to human beings.自然灾害会给人类带来巨大伤害。

We cannot prevent natural disasters completely, but we can take steps to cut losses.我们无法完全阻止自然灾害，但我们可以采取步骤减少损失。

方法措施句型

Early‑warning systems warn people of coming danger.预警系统提醒人们即将到来的危险。

It is necessary for us to master some basic self‑rescue skills.掌握一些基础自救技能对我们十分必要。

We should take action to protect our environment.我们应当行动起来保护环境。

结尾升华

We human beings should learn to live in harmony with nature.我们人类应当学会和自然和谐共处。

Unity gives us strength when we are facing trouble.面对困境，团结给予我们力量。

完整范文红婵儿逐行抄写，同步标注亮点短语与句式。

How to face natural disasters

Natural disasters such as floods, earthquakes and typhoons can bring great damage to human society. They destroy buildings, ruin farmland and take away people’s lives. We have no way to stop all natural disasters, yet we can take useful measures to reduce the harm.

Modern science and technology play an important role. Early‑warning systems have been set up, through which scientists can send out warnings before disasters arrive. Thanks to these systems, lots of people can move to safe places ahead of time. However, warnings are not enough. Every person needs to master basic self‑rescue skills. For example, during an earthquake, we should hide under strong furniture rather than rush outside in a hurry. Communities are supposed to prepare emergency supplies including food, water and first‑aid kits for possible risks.

What’s more, human behaviour influences the frequency of disasters. Cutting down too many trees and serious pollution will make extreme weather more common. Protecting forests and cutting down pollution are not empty slogans. They are practical ways with which we can lower disaster risks.

When disasters happen, people from all walks of life unite together. Rescuers risk their lives to save survivors. Volunteers provide supplies for homeless people. Recovery is slow and difficult, but the power of unity helps people rebuild their homes.

Nature is powerful. We should never try to defeat nature completely. The wisest choice is to respect nature and live in peace with it. If we treat nature well, nature will offer us its gifts in return.

亮点批注：take measures采取措施；ahead of time提前；rather than而不是；including介词包括；with which介词+关系代词定语从句；in return作为回报。

誊写完范文之后红婵儿自主改写一篇短文，变换措辞锻炼灵活表达的能力。

How to face natural disasters

From earthquakes to floods, natural disasters are a great threat to our life and property. They bring pain and loss to both cities and countryside. Though we cannot keep disasters from happening, we have many methods to make ourselves safer.

Advanced technology provides us with powerful tools. Early‑warning systems, through which changes of nature are closely watched, remind us of possible risks. Still, science is not everything. Ordinary citizens must learn survival knowledge. Once a flood breaks out, we ought to move towards higher ground and keep away from fast‑moving water. It is sensible to store emergency goods in advance.

We also need to realize that our actions may worsen natural conditions. Too much pollution and forest destruction increase the chance of terrible disasters. There are many small actions by which we can protect our living environment in daily life.

After disasters, people offer support to one another. Courage and unity help people pull through hard times.

Human beings are part of nature. Instead of fighting against nature, we should respect its power. Only when we get along well with nature can we live a safer and better life.

对照两篇文稿，红婵儿记下心得。本篇写作可以适度使用“介词+which/whom”定语从句，提升作文档次，但不可堆砌过多。写作要兼顾客观，不要写人类可以战胜自然，观点应当是尊重自然、与自然共处，这是话题作文得分关键点。

笔记推进至错题复盘板块，把随堂练习之中出错的题目完整记录下来，标注出错缘由。

错题一语法填空

The flood ______which many farmers suffered destroyed plenty of crops.

suffer from固定搭配，介词from提前，填from。红婵儿一开始填about。批注：做介词+关系代词题目，还原从句，找回固定短语。

错题二单项选择

Thanks ______the early warning, few people got hurt in the disaster.

A.for B.to C.with D.of

正确选项B。thanks to多亏；thanks for因……感谢。答题误选A。

错题三词义辨析

The heavy storm ______many houses. Some houses could be repaired, but others were totally gone.

A.damaged B.destroyed C.ruined D.hurt

正确答案A。一部分房屋受损可以修复，用damage。destroy指彻底毁灭。红婵儿误选B。

错题四改错

What we can do is to learn survival skills.

主语从句含有实义动词do，表语to可以省略，to删掉。正确句子What we can do is learn survival skills。

整理完错题，红婵儿放下笔望向窗外。远处的田野铺展在大地上，庄稼依靠雨水滋养，可暴雨泛滥又会摧毁田地。大自然就是这般，给予生机，也暗藏凶险。课本上的单词、文章不再只是试卷考点，让她读懂人与自然密不可分的联系。乡村长大的她见过土地的喜怒，此刻借着英语这个窗口，把乡土的见闻和广阔世界的认知融合在一起。一页页笔记写满，每一篇都不只是语言知识，更是看待世界的眼光。

爱默生的身影慢慢消融在时空薄雾之中，留下思绪落在纸页：

自然不会顺从人类全部欲望。灾害是警示，而非纯粹的惩罚。你学习的自救知识是保护自我的铠甲，而反思与克制，是守护大地长久安宁的根基。求学和面对自然是同一个道理：不要总想着征服，学会理解、顺应，方才可以行稳致远。

红婵儿拿起笔，在笔记末尾写下独属于自己的感悟。

本单元掌握灾害相关词汇，阅读理解高频的介词+关系代词定语从句是重难点。自然灾害会带来巨大损失，科技预警、自救知识能够降低伤害，人类自身的行为也会影响灾害发生的频率。人类不是自然的征服者，而是自然的一部分。心怀敬畏，保护环境，团结互助，才是面对灾难最好的姿态。学习英语，让我看见世界各地人们面对灾害的经历，也更加懂得珍惜脚下这片养育自己的土地。

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