一 形容词定义&句法功能(基础必考点)
1. 定义:修饰名词/代词,表性质、状态(big, happy)
2. 4大核心功能(必考,不能作谓语)
- 作定语:放名词前(a tall boy);不定代词后(something important)⚠️后置铁律
- 作表语:放系动词后(be/get/become/feel等,He is happy)
- 作宾语补足语:补充说明宾语(make her sad)
- 作状语:表伴随(He went home, tired)
二 形容词原级(基础考点)
1. 基本用法:修饰名词/作表语,无比较
2. 2个必考固定结构
- as+原级+as:和…一样(He is as tall as me)
- not as/so+原级+as:不如…(She is not so happy as her sister)
三 形容词比较级&最高级(重中之重,必考)
1. 变化规则(两类全要会)
- 规则变化:单音节/部分双音节词(tall-taller-tallest;nice-nicer-nicest;big-bigger-biggest;happy-happier-happiest)
- 不规则变化(必背,高频易错):good/well-better-best;bad/ill-worse-worst;many/much-more-most;little-less-least;far-farther/further-farthest/furthest
2. 比较级用法(3大核心考点)
- 两者比较:A+比较级+than+B(He runs faster than her)
- 比较级+and+比较级:越来越…(warmer and warmer)
- the+比较级,the+比较级:越…越…(The harder you study, the better grades you get)
⚠️ 易错:比较级前可加much/a little表程度,不能加very
3. 最高级用法(2大核心考点)
- 三者及以上比较:the+最高级+in/of短语(She is the tallest in the class)
- 最高级前必加the,副词最高级可省略the
四 形容词易错核心考点(丢分重灾区)
1. 定语位置易错:修饰不定代词(something/nothing等),形容词必须后置
2. 形近形容词辨析(单选必考):interesting(物令人感兴趣)vs interested(人感兴趣);boring(物无聊)vs bored(人无聊)
3. 多个形容词并列顺序(黄金规则):限定词(a/my)+描绘性(beautiful)+大小+形状+年龄+颜色+国籍+材料+名词(a beautiful small old Chinese wooden table)
4. 固定搭配:be afraid of;be good at;be interested in(形容词+介词不可乱换)
5. 易混点:形容词(修饰名词)vs副词(修饰动词),如quick(adj.)vs quickly(adv.)
五 高频易混形容词辨析(单选常考)
- good(adj.修饰名词)vs well(adv.修饰动词;adj.表身体好)
- alone(表独自,无感情)vs lonely(表孤独,有感情)
- alive(活着的,后置定语)vs living(活着的,前置定语)vs live(直播的)
- sick(adj.生病的,可作定语/表语)vs ill(adj.生病的,只作表语)